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Original Research Article

Determinants of Second-Dose Measles Vaccination Uptake Among Children Aged 15-23 Months in Benin City, Nigeria: A Mixed-Methods Study

Efemena Daniel Onowugbeda, Pius Agbalugo Odunze, Oghenerukevwe Trinitas Omonigho, Oreoluwa Joshua Orifunmishe, Vincent Yakubu Adam, Antoinette Ngozi Ofili

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Efemena Daniel Onowugbeda Corresponding Author

Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Benson Idahosa University and Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Benin Teaching Hospital

ORCID: 0000-0003-0405-9379

Correspondence: tufdan@gmail.com

Received
29 Aug 2026
Published
10 Sep 2026

Abstract

Background: Nigeria introduced a second dose of measles-containing vaccine (MCV2) to improve population immunity, but second-year uptake remains insufficiently described in urban settings. Objective: To determine MCV2 uptake, MCV1-MCV2 dropout, associated factors, and caregiver-reported barriers among age-eligible children in Benin City. Methods: This mixed-methods cross-sectional study analysed 460 children aged 15-23 months from a survey of 620 caregiver-child pairs. Six focus group discussions involved 54 mothers. Pearson's chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression assessed factors associated with MCV2 receipt; qualitative data were analysed thematically. Results: MCV1 and MCV2 uptake were 90.0% and 82.2%, respectively. Among MCV1 recipients, dropout was 9.7%. Antenatal-care attendance and health-facility delivery were associated with uptake at bivariate analysis. After adjustment, antenatal-care attendance remained independently associated with MCV2 receipt (adjusted odds ratio 3.71; 95% confidence interval 1.72-8.01). Caregivers described poor awareness, forgetfulness, weak reminders, competing responsibilities, occasional service unavailability, and distance. Conclusion: MCV2 uptake remained below the 95% elimination target. Antenatal and immunisation counselling, reliable sessions, reminder-recall systems, and active defaulter tracking should be strengthened.

Keywords: Antenatal Care, Measles, Mixed Methods, Second Year of Life, Vaccine Dropout, Vaccine Uptake

How to Cite

APA

Onowugbeda, E. D., Odunze, P. A., Omonigho, O. T., Orifunmishe, O. J., Adam, V. Y., & Ofili, A. N. (2026). Determinants of Second-Dose Measles Vaccination Uptake Among Children Aged 15-23 Months in Benin City, Nigeria: A Mixed-Methods Study. British Journal of Advanced Research, 1(3). https://doi.org/10.68263/BJAR-HPGG87NJ

MLA

Onowugbeda, Efemena Daniel, Pius Agbalugo Odunze, Oghenerukevwe Trinitas Omonigho, Oreoluwa Joshua Orifunmishe, Vincent Yakubu Adam, and Antoinette Ngozi Ofili. "Determinants of Second-Dose Measles Vaccination Uptake Among Children Aged 15-23 Months in Benin City, Nigeria: A Mixed-Methods Study." British Journal of Advanced Research, vol. 1, no. 3, 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.68263/BJAR-HPGG87NJ

Chicago

Onowugbeda, Efemena Daniel, Pius Agbalugo Odunze, Oghenerukevwe Trinitas Omonigho, Oreoluwa Joshua Orifunmishe, Vincent Yakubu Adam, and Antoinette Ngozi Ofili. "Determinants of Second-Dose Measles Vaccination Uptake Among Children Aged 15-23 Months in Benin City, Nigeria: A Mixed-Methods Study." British Journal of Advanced Research 1, no. 3 (2026). https://doi.org/10.68263/BJAR-HPGG87NJ

References

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ISSN 3153-709X
Tracking ID BJAR_AUG_26_039
Article No. 012
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Article Info
Journal BJAR
Volume Vol 1, No 3
Year 2026
Type Original Research Article
Licence CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
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