References

JCARM

Journal of Contemporary Academic Research and Methodologies

JCARM

3139-7247

Ivory and Finch Publishers

10.5281/zenodo.23433050

JCARM_SEP_26_066

Original Research Article

Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Enteric Bacteria Isolated from Diarrhoeic Patients Attending Selected Hospitals in Akure, Nigeria

Abidemi Adeleke

Rofiat

Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria adelekerofiat8@gmail.com Kayode Onifade

Anthony

Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria

10 10 2026

1 8

Diarrhoea remains a major public health challenge worldwide, particularly in developing countries where poor sanitation, unsafe water and inadequate hygiene contribute significantly to disease transmission. The increasing emergence of antimicrobial-resistant enteric bacteria, especially extended-spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) producing organisms, has complicated the treatment and management of diarrhoeal infections. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of ESBL-production among antibiotic-resistant bacterial isolates obtained from diarrhoeic patients. A total of 367 stool samples were collected from patients attending selected hospitals in Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria, comprising 17 diarrhoeic and 350 non-diarrhoeic samples. Standard microbiological techniques were employed for the isolation and identification of bacterial pathogens, while antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using standard antimicrobial sensitivity methods. ESBL production was phenotypically detected using appropriate confirmatory methods on multidrug-resistant bacterial isolates. The study identified several enteric bacterial pathogens associated with diarrhoeal infections, including Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabili and the species of Salmonella, Shigella, Klebsiella and Enterobacter. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed varying degrees of resistance to commonly used antibiotics, with several isolates demonstrating multidrug resistance. 6.7% of isolates were resistant to ofloxacin, 37.8 % to augmentine, 18.9% to peflacine, 45.9% to ceftazidime, 13.5% to gentamycin, 59.46% to ciprofloxacin, 17.5% to ceporex, 40.5% to ceftriaxone, 9.4% to streptomycin and 32.4% to cefuroxime. ESBL-producing isolates were detected among the bacterial pathogens, suggesting the circulation of resistant enteric bacteria within the study population. The findings of this study highlight the growing threat of ESBL-producing enteric bacteria in diarrhoea diseases and emphasize the need for continuous surveillance, effective infection prevention measures and rational antibiotic use to reduce the spread of antimicrobial resistance.

Diarrhoea; Antibiotic resistance; Multiple antibiotic resistance index; Extended-spectrum β-lactamase

15 09 2026 12 10 2026

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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