JCARM Journal of Contemporary Academic Research and Methodologies JCARM 3139-7247 Ivory and Finch Publishers 10.5281/zenodo.21296537 JCARM_JUN_26_104 Original Research Article Adapting to Contemporary Virtual Coaching: Challenges and Opportunities of Online Fitness Training Among Gym Coaches T. Arilin Abnir https://orcid.org/https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4027-8897 Universidad de Zamboanga abnirarilin5@gmail.com King A. Biri Alprince https://orcid.org/https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7569-6872 Stratworks Research Inc. Christianne Vidal Nicole Western Mindanao State University S. Dammang Fhadzmar Sulu State University S. Verano Jillamae Father Saturnino Urios University 10 07 2026 1 5

The increasing use of online fitness training has transformed how Gym and Health and Fitness Coaches deliver their services, creating both opportunities and challenges within digital coaching environments. Despite the growing adoption of virtual fitness instruction, limited research has explored how coaches experience and navigate this mode of service delivery. This study explored the challenges encountered and opportunities that emerged among Gym and Health and Fitness Coaches conducting online fitness training. A descriptive qualitative research design was employed, involving thirteen (13) Gym and Health and Fitness Coaches selected through purposive sampling. Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis. Findings revealed six major challenges encountered by the participants: Inability to Physically Monitor and Correct Client Form, Difficulty in Sustaining Client Motivation and Engagement, Limited Access to Gym Equipment and Training Resources, Difficulty in Ensuring Client Safety and Injury Prevention, Technical Difficulties and Connectivity Issues, and Reduced Interpersonal Connection and Coach–Client Rapport. Despite these challenges, five opportunities emerged from the participants' experiences, namely: Expanded Client Reach and Geographic Accessibility, Flexible Scheduling and Work Arrangement, Diversification of Coaching Services and Revenue Streams, Opportunity to Build a Personal Brand and Online Presence, and Stronger Documentation and Progress Tracking Capabilities. The study concluded that online fitness coaching has evolved into a viable and transformative mode of fitness service delivery that requires coaches to continuously adapt their instructional, technological, and interpersonal competencies. While virtual coaching presents challenges related to supervision, engagement, safety, and communication, it also offers significant opportunities for professional growth, business expansion, and enhanced service accessibility. The study recommends that fitness organizations and coaching professionals strengthen digital coaching competencies and technological preparedness to improve the effectiveness and sustainability of online fitness training.

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