JCARM Journal of Contemporary Academic Research and Methodologies JCARM 3139-7247 Ivory and Finch Publishers 10.5281/zenodo.21358130 JCARM_JUN_26_030 Original Research Article Thematic Perspectives and Meta-Schematic Analysis of the Speeches of the Nigerian Minister for Health on the COVID-19 Pandemic Clement Pembi English Department, Federal College of Education, Yola clementpembi@fceyola.edu.ng Richard Sylvester Wada Department of English Language Education, Adamawa State Polytechnic Yola 10 07 2026 1 5

The composition of English speeches has become a more significant component of educational materials. Public speeches are particular genres that are varied according to the communicative goals of the speakers, which are accomplished by using various schematic structures. It has been discovered that speakers vary in how they organize the strategic elements of the speech macrostructure, superstructure and microstructure in their persuasive writing. The three required steps are predetermined for the speech writing's structural completeness, but there is a lot of room for creativity and flexibility in the steps. There is a distinction between deductive and inductive reasoning since cultural norms will always have an impact. Nonetheless, it has been demonstrated that the contrast between the two ways of thinking in various cultures is complementary. Therefore, it is suggested that mastering the sensitivity and aptitude to discern the communicative goals of particular genres, encouraging a speaker to use imagination in schematic structures, and challenging conventional teaching and learning methods of writing will be crucial for speech writing. This article is limited to institutionalized or formal situations and conditions in health-related speech delivered by the Minister of Health in Nigeria. This research, in consequence, is concerned with the study of discourse analysis in Text Analysis. This study analyses the transcription of the speech. The text analysis is based on Van Dijk’s design, in which the unit elements of the analysis are divided into three parts: macro-structure, superstructure, and microstructure. The ones which have been analyzed in this paper are limited and focused only in Macrostructure (Thematic) and Superstructure (Schematic). The Nigerian health minister's addresses to the country during the COVID-19 pandemic are the source of the data for this paper. The two speeches that were chosen for analysis have the thematic and schematic structures analysed using the descriptive method of data analysis.

 Thematic Schema Move Macrostructure Superstructure 08 06 2026 06 07 2026 Copyright © 2026 by the authors This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. References Abubakar, I. J., Abubakar, S., Kabiru, A. G., Zayyanu, S., Garba, M. K., Abubakar, I., Abubakar S. W. and Mohammed M. (2022). Review of epidemiological studies and drug Laws Open Journal of Linguistics vol 1(12) p 112-120. Adami, E. (2016). Multimodality. Oxford Handbook of Language and society. Oxford London Alyousef, H. S. (2020). A multimodal discourse analysis of English dentistry texts written by Saudi undergraduate students : A study of theme and information structure. Journal of Open Linguistics, 6, 267–283. Anatsui, T. C. (2014). Communicating health information at grassroot. JORIND, 12(1). Baldey, A. & Thibault, P. J. (2006). Multimodal transcription and text analysis. Equinox, London. Berger, J. (2009). Ways of seeing. Penguin, UK. Bo, X. (2018). Multimodal Discourse Analysis of the Movie Argo. 11(4), 132–137. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v11n4p132 Burke, M. (2011). The Routledge Handbook of Stylistics (Second). Routledge Taylor and Francis Group. Caffarel, A. M. (2004). Language typology: A functional perspective. John Benjamins Co, UK. Cocksedge, K. A., Guliani, J., Henley, W., Anderson, T., Roberts, S., Reed, L., Skinnard, D., Fisher, S., Chapman, B., Willcox, J., Wilkinson, E., & Laugharne, R. (2019). Local radio to promote mental health awareness : a public health initiative. 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2019.51 Fatoye, F. O., and Marakinyo, O. (n.d.). Substance use among secondary school students in rural and urban communities in South-Western Nigeria. EAMJ. Halliday, M. A. K. (2019). Past achievements and future possiblities of systemic-Functional discourse text analysis 7(1), 32–41. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijll.20190701.15 Hoang, V. Van. (2021). “ Metafunctions of language ” a framework for the interpretation. : : Https://Www.Researchgate.Net/Publication/356216722October.https://doi.org/10.25073/2525-2445/vnufs.4750 Ijie, I. J., Babalola, A., & Yelwa, M. (2020). Effect of substance abuse on nigeria ’ s economic performance. international journal of social sciences and economic review, 02(02), 35–46. John A. O., Ezekiel, O. H., Joseph, I. E., Maureen, O. U., Quincy, O., Richard, B., Olawumi, F. J., Babajide, S. J.,Ifedolapo, O., and Joshua, O., O. An assessment of drug and substance abuse prevalence. (2016). Journal of International Medical Research. 2022 Oct; 50(10): 03000605221130039.Published online 2022 Oct 25. doi: 10.1177/03000605221130039 Kite, J., Gale, J., Grunseit, A., Bellew, W., Li, V., Lloyd, B., Maxwell, M., Vineburg, J., & Bauman, A. (2018). Impact of the make healthy normal mass media campaign on knowledge and behaviours: A Cohort Study. Phase 1, 269–276. https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-6405.12779 Kofi, I., Ernest, N., Tsetse, K., Kojo, S., & Avorgah, M. (2015). Is billboard advertising an effective tool in the marketing of home appliances ? Asian Journal of Social Sciences and Management Studies, 2(3), 101–108. Liu, S. (2019). Amultimodal discourse analysis of the interactive meaning in public service advertisement. 10, 1523–1534. Asian Journal of Social Sciences Mydee, L. (2014). Visual literacy and visual communication. Journal Media and Cummunication, II(I). Ngamsa, J., & Ph, D. (2013). Patterns of intersemiotic cohesion in the moving image text. 9, 110–111. Asian Journal of Social Sciences Olowu, A. & Akinkurolere, S. O. (2015). A multimodal discourse analysis of a yoruba song-drama. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 3(5). https://doi.org/10.11114/jets.v3i5.933 Otieno, A., & Ofulla, A. (2009). Drug abuse in Kisumu town western Kenya. African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, 9(3), 846–858. https://doi.org/10.4314/ajfand.v9i3.43010 Oyebode, O., & Unuabonah, F. O. (2013). Coping with HIV/AIDS: A multimodal discourse analysis of selected HIV/AIDS posters in south-western Nigeria. Discourse and Society, 24(6), 810–827. https://doi.org/10.1177/0957926513503269 Paziraie, M. E. (2013). The effect of textual metafunction on the iranian efl learners ’ writing performance. 6(2), 71–83. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v6n2p71 Rowsell, J. Collier, D. R., (2017). (2017). Researching multimodality in language and education. Springer International Publishing. Sinda Mullian, and A. J. K. N. A. (2020). A multimodal discourse analysis of “Lathi” song. International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation, vlome I(I). Sixsmith, E., D’Earth, P., Doyle, C., And Barry, A. (2014). Health communication : the responsibility of the media in nigeria. 2(3), 1–4. Asian Journal of Social Sciences Smith, P., & Bell, A. (2007). Unravelling the web of discourse analysis Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 2(2), 4. 78–100. Tsojon, I. Y., & Jonah, P. K. (2016). An analysis of the pragmatic implicatures of selected advert billboards around jos metropolis in terms of grice ( 1975 ) maxims of cooperative principle. 3(1), 42–49. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijelt.v3n1p42 Ulinnuha, R., Udasmoro, W., & Wijaya, Y. (2013). Critical discourse analysis: Theory and method in social and literary framework. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 2(2), 262–274. https://doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v2i2.170 Wakefield, A. M., Loken, B., Hornik, R. C. (2014). Use of mass media campaigns to change health behaviour. Journal of Public Health, I(II). Wogu, J. O., Chukwu, C. O., Ugwuoke, J. C., Ugwulor-onyinyechi, C. C., & Nwankiti, C. O. (2019). Impact of media breast cancer awareness campaign on the health behaviour of women in southeast nigeria. 11(5), 79–86. https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v11n5p79 Yao, Y., & Zhuo, Y. (2018). A multimodal discourse analysis of the promotional video of hangzhou. 11(10), 121–131. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v11n10p121