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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">JCARM</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of Contemporary Academic Research and Methodologies</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title>JCARM</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
            <issn pub-type="epub">3139-7247</issn>
            <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Ivory and Finch Publishers</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>

    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5281/zenodo.22786364</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">JCARM_AUG_26_090</article-id>

      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Original Research Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>

      <title-group>
        <article-title>Niger Delta Development Commission (NDDC) and Water Scheme Development in Akwa Ibom State</article-title>
      </title-group>

      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
                        <surname>Sabbath Etim</surname>
            <given-names>ThankGod</given-names>
          </name>
                    <aff>Department of Public Administration, Akwa Ibom State University, Obio Akpa Campus, Nigeria</aff>
          <email>thankgodetim7@gmail.com</email>
        </contrib>
                                          <contrib contrib-type="author">
              <name>
                                <surname>Ibok</surname>
                <given-names>Enefiok</given-names>
              </name>
                                          <aff>Akwa Ibom State University</aff>
                          </contrib>
                                              <contrib contrib-type="author">
              <name>
                                <surname>Ita</surname>
                <given-names>Imoh-Imoh</given-names>
              </name>
                                          <aff>Akwa Ibom State University</aff>
                          </contrib>
                                              <contrib contrib-type="author">
              <name>
                                <surname>S. Udoh4</surname>
                <given-names>Unwana-Abasi</given-names>
              </name>
                                          <aff>Akwa Ibom State University</aff>
                          </contrib>
                                    </contrib-group>

            <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>10</day>
        <month>09</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>1</volume>
      <issue>7</issue>
      
      
            <self-uri xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22786364"/>
      
      <abstract>
        <p>Even with the NDDC scholarship program in place, many people in Akwa Ibom State are still struggling to access clean, safe water. It turns out that the water supply just isn’t keeping up with the demand in rural areas, where boreholes are few and far between. In fact, many communities are facing serious water shortages, forcing the most vulnerable residents to rely on community streams for their water during the dry season. Unfortunately, drinking untreated water in this day and age has led to significant health issues, with many suffering from waterborne diseases and typhoid. This study aimed to explore how the Niger Delta Development Commission (NDDC) has contributed to providing solar-powered portable water in Akwa Ibom State. We used development theory as our theoretical framework and opted for a survey design. The study focused on a population of 7,019,115, which is the projected number of residents in Akwa Ibom State, and we sampled 384 individuals using a simple random sampling technique. The data we gathered from both primary and secondary sources were analyzed with simple regression analysis using the SPSS statistical tool. The findings showed that the NDDC has not made a significant impact on the availability of solar-powered portable water in the state. As a result, we recommend that the management of the Niger Delta Development Commission (NDDC) increase investments in potable water solutions like boreholes, water treatment, and distribution systems especially in underserved local government areas. Additionally, they should focus on sustainability by establishing and training local water-user committees, providing funding for maintenance, and integrating water initiatives into WASH and primary healthcare objectives in Akwa Ibom State</p>
      </abstract>

            <kwd-group kwd-group-type="author-keywords">
                <kwd>Niger Delta Development Commission</kwd>
                <kwd>Water Scheme Development</kwd>
                <kwd>Solar-Powered Portable Water</kwd>
              </kwd-group>
      
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>31</day>
          <month>08</month>
          <year>2026</year>
        </date>
                <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>03</day>
          <month>09</month>
          <year>2026</year>
        </date>
              </history>

      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>Copyright &copy; 2026 by the authors</copyright-statement>
        <license license-type="open-access">
          <license-p>This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>

    </article-meta>
  </front>

    <back>
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