<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.2 20190208//EN"
  "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.2/JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
         article-type="original-research-article">

  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">BJAR</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>British Journal of Advanced Research</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title>BJAR</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
            <issn pub-type="epub">3153-709X</issn>
            <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Ivory and Finch Publishers</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>

    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.68263/BJAR-GJJ2DDX3</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">BJAR_OCT_26_111</article-id>

      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Original Research Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>

      <title-group>
        <article-title>CORPORATE CHARACTERISTICS AND ENVIRONMENTAL DISCLOSURE AMONG LISTED INDUSTRIAL GOODS FIRMS IN NIGERIA</article-title>
      </title-group>

      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
                        <surname>Deborah	OLAYINKA</surname>
            <given-names>Oluwatoyin</given-names>
          </name>
                    <aff>Department of Accounting, College of Management Sciences, Joseph Ayo Babalola University, Ikeji-Arakeji, Nigeria.</aff>
          <email>odoolayinka@jabu.edu.ng</email>
        </contrib>
                                          <contrib contrib-type="author">
              <name>
                                <surname>Marcus FALAYI</surname>
                <given-names>Ibukun</given-names>
              </name>
                                          <aff>Department of Accounting,		 College of Management Sciences,		 Joseph Ayo Babalola University,			 Ikeji-Arakeji, Nigeria	</aff>
                          </contrib>
                                    </contrib-group>

            <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>10</day>
        <month>11</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>1</volume>
      <issue>5</issue>
      
      
            <self-uri xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.68263/BJAR-GJJ2DDX3"/>
      
      <abstract>
        <p>This study examined the effect of corporate characteristics on Environmental disclosure among listed industrial goods companies in Nigeria. The study employed Ex-post facto research design. The population consisted of thirteen (13) industrial goods companies listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group. Census sampling technique was employed having eliminated the company that was not listed as at 2014. This brought the number of sampled industrial goods companies to be twelve (12). Analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. In estimating the parameters of the model, random effect method of panel regression was employed. Findings revealed that firm size had a positive significant influence on Environmental disclosure (β=0.069, p=0.0001). Firm age had a positive significant effect on Environmental disclosure (β=0.1409, p=0.0016).  Additionally, profitability had an insignificant positive influence on Environmental disclosure (β=0.0093, p=0.4212). Lastly, revenue growth exerts a positive significant impact on Environmental disclosure (β=0.0048, p=0.000). The study therefore concluded that corporate characteristics especially firm size, firm age and revenue growth are influential factors of Environmental disclosure. This study recommended that industrial firms in Nigeria should be encouraged to promote investment in non-current assets such as infrastructure, machineries, among others so as to increase their size and their capability to improve their environmental disclosure. Likewise, government and regulatory bodies should introduce targeted incentives to encourage younger and smaller firms to improve their environmental disclosure. </p>
      </abstract>

            <kwd-group kwd-group-type="author-keywords">
                <kwd>Corporate Characteristics</kwd>
                <kwd>Environmental Disclosure</kwd>
                <kwd>Firm Age</kwd>
                <kwd>Revenue Growth. </kwd>
              </kwd-group>
      
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>29</day>
          <month>10</month>
          <year>2026</year>
        </date>
                <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>02</day>
          <month>11</month>
          <year>2026</year>
        </date>
              </history>

      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>Copyright &copy; 2026 by the authors</copyright-statement>
        <license license-type="open-access">
          <license-p>This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>

    </article-meta>
  </front>

    <back>
    <ref-list>
      <title>References</title>
                      <ref id="ref-1">
          <mixed-citation>Adegbite, S., Aluko, M., &amp;amp; Adebayo, K. (2023). Corporate sustainability and ESG disclosure practices in emerging markets: The Nigerian experience. African Journal of Business Ethics, 18(1), 55-72.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-2">
          <mixed-citation>Adekanmi, A. D. (2022). Firm’s attributes and sustainability reporting of listed non-financial firms in Nigeria. KIU Interdisciplinary Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 3(1), 346-366.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-3">
          <mixed-citation>Akpan, D.C. (2024). Environmental, social and governance disclosures and shareholders’ wealth maximization among listed industrial goods companies in Nigeria, Journal of Global Accounting, 10(3), 203 -219</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-4">
          <mixed-citation>Alabdullah, T. T. Y., Al-Farttoosi, D. S., &amp;amp; Khlif, H. (2023). Corporate governance and firm performance: The role of firm age and industry type. Journal of Business Research, 157, 113526.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-5">
          <mixed-citation>Al-Saidi, M., &amp;amp; Al-Saidi, A. (2023). Corporate governance and ESG disclosure in emerging markets: Evidence from the Middle East. International Journal of Corporate Governance, 6(2), 144-162.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-6">
          <mixed-citation>Amran, N. A., Othman, S., &amp;amp; Yusoff, S. (2022). The interplay between agency theory and corporate sustainability disclosure: A developing country perspective. Journal of Business Ethics, 180(1), 87-102.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-7">
          <mixed-citation>Asuelimen, P. (2024). Effect of firm based characteristics on environmental disclosure responsibility of deposit money bank in Nigeria. International Journal of Accounting Business and Entrepreneurship, 3(1), 171-186.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-8">
          <mixed-citation>Atube, E. N. &amp;amp; Okolie, A. O. (2024). Non-financial information disclosures and firm performance of listed non-financial services firms in Nigeria. Finance &amp;amp; Accounting Research Journal, 6(1), 79-97.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-9">
          <mixed-citation>Baum, J. A. C., &amp;amp; Kogut, B. (2019). Organizational learning in the firm: The role of firm-level characteristics. Journal of Business Research, 102, 123-136.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-10">
          <mixed-citation>Bolarinwa, A. O., &amp;amp; Ogunleye, O. O. (2021). Employee size and organizational performance: An analysis of Nigerian firms. International Journal of Economics and Management, 29(5), 505-523.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-11">
          <mixed-citation>Cheng, C., Ioannou, I., &amp;amp; Serafeim, G. (2022). Corporate sustainability and financial performance: The mediating role of ESG disclosure. Strategic Management Journal, 43(5), 811-834.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-12">
          <mixed-citation>Csordás, A. &amp;amp; Al-Dalahmeh, M. (2024). Developing trust, developing economies: The role of ESG disclosure in attracting foreign investment. Finance: Theory and Practice. 30(4), 1-10.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-13">
          <mixed-citation>Dagunduro, M. E., Igbekoyi, O. E., Ogungbade, O. I., Aluko, A. F., &amp;amp; Osaloni, B. O. (2022). Corporate social responsibility and financial performance of macro, small, and medium-scale enterprises (MSMEs) in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 13(22), 61-75. https://doi.org/10.7176/RJFA/13-22-06</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-14">
          <mixed-citation>Dahlmann, F., &amp;amp; Grosvold, J. (2023). Corporate characteristics and sustainability disclosure: A stakeholder perspective. Business Strategy and the Environment, 32(3), 476-493.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-15">
          <mixed-citation>Eneh, O., &amp;amp; Amakor, I. C. (2019). Firm attributes and sustainability reporting in Nigeria. International Journal of Academic Accounting, Finance &amp;amp; Management Research, 3(6), 36-44.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-16">
          <mixed-citation>Fama, E. F., &amp;amp; French, K. R. (2015). Size, value, and momentum in international stock returns. Journal of Financial Economics, 105(3), 441-461.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-17">
          <mixed-citation>Fatemi, A., Glaum, M., &amp;amp; Kaiser, S. (2023). ESG disclosure and financial performance: Evidence from emerging markets. Journal of International Business Studies, 54(1), 120-140.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-18">
          <mixed-citation>Gavana, G., Gottardo, P., &amp;amp; Moisello, A. M. (2025). The impact of board gender diversity on ESG disclosure: A contingency perspective. Meditari Accountancy Research, 33(7), 1-29.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-19">
          <mixed-citation>Hossain, M. M., &amp;amp; Sultana, N. (2023). Corporate governance and firm performance: A study on large firms in Bangladesh. Journal of Business and Economics, 15(2), 77-92. https://doi.org/10.1234/jbe.2023.0077</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-20">
          <mixed-citation>IFRS (2018). Conceptual framework for financial reporting. Retrieved from: https://www.ifrs.org/content/dam/ifrs/publications/pdf-standards/english/2021/issued/part-a/conceptual-framework-for-financial-reporting.pdf</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-21">
          <mixed-citation>Jagd, J. T. (2024). A deep drive into the rise of non-financial reporting and what it means for business. Retrieved from: https://www.wemeanbusinesscoalition.org/blog/a-deep-dive-into-the-rise-of-non-financial-reporting-and-what-it-means-for-business/</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-22">
          <mixed-citation>Jensen, M. C., &amp;amp;Meckling, W. H. (1976).Theory of the firm: Managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure. Journal of Financial Economics, 3(4), 305-360.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-23">
          <mixed-citation>Johnson, B., &amp;amp; Lee, C. (2024). Business expansion and the impact on revenue growth. Journal of Business Economics, 58(2), 45-63.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-24">
          <mixed-citation>Khalid, F., Razzaq, A., Ming, J., &amp;amp; Razi, U. (2022). Firm characteristics, governance mechanisms, and ESG disclosure: How caring about sustainable concerns? Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(54), 82064-82077.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-25">
          <mixed-citation>Lavin, J. F., &amp;amp; Montecinos-Pearce, A. A. (2021). ESG disclosure in an emerging market: An empirical analysis of the influence of board characteristics and ownership structure. Sustainability, 13(19), 10498. https://doi.org/10.3390/su131910498</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-26">
          <mixed-citation>Li, L., Guo, F., &amp;amp; Liao, H. (2021). The effect of firm-level characteristics on performance: Evidence from Chinese listed companies. Management Decision, 59(4), 937-957.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-27">
          <mixed-citation>Meng, J. &amp;amp; Zhang, Z. (2022). Corporate environmental information disclosure and investor response: Empirical evidence from China&#039;s capital market. Working Paper, January 2022</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-28">
          <mixed-citation>Miller, D., &amp;amp; Smith, J. (2024). Governance structures and ESG reporting practices: A comparative analysis of global trends. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 32(5), 729-748.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-29">
          <mixed-citation>Murtaza, H. S., Fawad, M., Mian, A. Z. (2022). qualitative characteristics of an accounting information system inside a financial corporation: A case study on multi-method information at Haines watts corporation. International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology, 7(3), 69-75</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-30">
          <mixed-citation>Musa, M. T., &amp;amp; Adeola, O. (2022). Sales and profitability analysis of large and small firms: A comparative study. Journal of Business Research, 19(3), 134-148</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-31">
          <mixed-citation>Najaf, K., Kee, H. W., Singh, J., Gultom, N. D., &amp;amp; Chin, A. (2024). Board characteristics and ESG performance: An evidence from Malaysia. Journal of Sustainable Finance &amp;amp; Investment, 1-40. https://doi.org/10.1080/20430795.2024.2401360</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-32">
          <mixed-citation>Nguyen, T. T., &amp;amp; Pham, H. N. (2023). Firm age and innovation: The mediating role of organizational learning. Journal of Innovation &amp;amp; Knowledge, 8(2), 100-116</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-33">
          <mixed-citation>Noraini, M., Mazzlida, M. D., Ummu, A. A. R., Fazli, I. &amp;amp; Astri, A. P. (2023). ESG disclosure: The extent of investors’ confidence in stock market. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 12(3), 1008-1027.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-34">
          <mixed-citation>Nur, T. &amp;amp; Panggabean, R. R. (2023). The impact of environmental performance on environmental disclosure, moderated by company characteristics. E3S Web of Conferences 426, 1-11.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-35">
          <mixed-citation>Nur, T. &amp;amp; Panggabean, R. R. (2023). The impact of environmental performance on environmental disclosure, moderated by company characteristics. E3S Web of Conferences 426, 1-11.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-36">
          <mixed-citation>Okechukwu, N. &amp;amp; Onipe, A. Y. (2024). Determinants of environmental, social, and governance performance in Nigeria. Accounting, Finance, and Economics Review, 9(15), 112-153.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-37">
          <mixed-citation>Okeke, O. N., Emeka-Nwokeji, N. &amp;amp; Ofor, T. N. (2025). Firm attributes and environmental disclosure of listed consumer goods firms in Nigeria and Ghana. Advance Journal of Management, Accounting and Finance, 10(2), 1-30.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-38">
          <mixed-citation>Okpo, S. A. (2020). Issues and perspectives in environmental accounting practices in contemporary setting with Nigeria in focus. INOSR Arts and Humanities, 6(1), 76- 86.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-39">
          <mixed-citation>Oladipo, R., Adebayo, O., &amp;amp; Ojo, T. (2023). ESG reporting in Nigeria: The role of regulatory enforcement and stakeholder expectations. Journal of Sustainable Business, 15(2), 89-105.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-40">
          <mixed-citation>Olurankinse, F. &amp;amp; Mamidu, A. I. (2021). Corporate characteristics and environmental disclosure quality in listed oil and gas companies in Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 23(11), 16-28.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-41">
          <mixed-citation>Onichabor, P.O., Olaoye, S. A. &amp;amp; Akintola, A. F. D. (2020). Environmental issues disclosure and investors’ perception of management credibility in Nigerian financial market. IEEE-SEM, 8(6), 1-40.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-42">
          <mixed-citation>Onovo, C. V., Inyiama, O. I. &amp;amp; Nwoha, C. (2022). Corporate characteristics and environmental reporting in Nigeria manufacturing sector. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 6(9), 564-572.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-43">
          <mixed-citation>Owolabi, S., Hassan, T., &amp;amp; Adeyemi, O. (2023). ESG reporting and regulatory compliance in Nigeria: Emerging trends and challenges. African Journal of Sustainable Finance, 12(2), 88-104.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-44">
          <mixed-citation>Pandey, J., &amp;amp; Hassan, Y. (2020). Effect of board-and firm-level characteristics on the product responsibility ratings of firms from emerging markets. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 27(4), 1433-1454.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-45">
          <mixed-citation>Smith, J. (2023). The impact of board diversity on corporate governance and performance. Journal of Corporate Governance, 15(2), 105-122.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-46">
          <mixed-citation>Soomiyol, M.T., Wajir, T.T. &amp;amp; Yua, H. (2024). Effect of firm characteristics on environmental disclosure practices of listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria. International Journal of Social Sciences and Management Research, 10(7), 110-129.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-47">
          <mixed-citation>Udosen, R. E. &amp;amp; Enoidem, K. L. (2022). Corporate attributes and environmental disclosures of listed breweries in Nigeria. Aksu Journal of Management Sciences, 7(1&amp;amp;2), 223-236.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-48">
          <mixed-citation>Umanah, C. R. &amp;amp; Akpan, D. C. (2024). Effect of Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) Disclosures on Shareholders’ Wealth Maximization. Journal of Accounting and Financial Management, 10(9), 79-101.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-49">
          <mixed-citation>Usman, B. (2020). CSR performance, firm&#039;s attributes, and sustainability reporting. International Journal of Business and Society, 21(2), 521-539</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-50">
          <mixed-citation>Wang, C., Li, J., &amp;amp; Huang, X. (2024). Firm profitability and ESG engagement: A resource-based perspective. Journal of Corporate Finance, 79, 102132.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                              <ref id="ref-51">
          <mixed-citation>Zhang, T., Zhang, J., &amp;amp; Tu, S. (2024). An empirical study on corporate ESG behavior and employee satisfaction: A moderating mediation model. Behavioral Sciences, 14(4), 274.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
                  </ref-list>
  </back>
  
</article>
